The Moral Life Of Aristotle s Nicomachean Ethics

In the second book of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle talks about the virtues that are needed to live a moral life. He explains what a good life consists of and the proper development and management of the elements within a man. This reading covers everything from how to acquire a virtue, to the differences and meaning behind pleasure and pain. In the first chapter, Aristotle divides virtue into two separate meanings. The first one is virtue of thought, which requires you to learn from experiences throughout your life. The second one is virtue of character and are the direct results from habit and practice. This proves that the character virtues do not come naturally, because nothing naturally created can change†¦show more content†¦It’s the same situation that produces any ability or virtue can also destroy it, and this is also true in the crafts. The builder becomes either good or bad at building by actually practicing building. That goes fo r men practicing with dealing with other men that they become just or unjust, brave or cowardly, temperate or intemperate. The second chapter starts by explaining that a man’s ethics is very important because the focus isn’t primarily on the nature of goodness, but as well as how to become good men. Aristotle writes that this it makes necessary to study the issues of right and wrong behavior because we develop characteristics from our actions. He mentions that his writings and discussions about conduct and actions are only a general outline that will have inadequate scientific correctness available in this subject and demand what is allowed. The topics of discussion are dependent on the sole situation. The nature of character qualities could be affected by lack of taking care of or an over usage. For example, the man who is afraid of everything turns into a coward and the man who doesn’t fear anything is reckless or irresponsible will not have a courage virtue. Just like it’s not good for your body if you eat too much or too little food and don’t exercise. This g oes for all virtues as well and making it a habit to practice them helps you support them. Aristotle writes in the third chapter that to find out if a man has a full

Into The Wild By John Krakauer - 1735 Words

Into the Wild Analysis John Krakauer’s depiction of the tragic life of Chris McCandless in the award winning novel â€Å"Into the Wild† creates different schools of thought that brew a perfect storm for debate. Krakauer’s polarizing style is what makes it so special, because no two people will feel the same way as they experience the journey of McCandless. One of the highly discussed topics of the novel relates to the idea that Chris’ journey of self-discovery in his quest for â€Å"ultimate freedom† is inherently selfish or nobel. McCandless’ quest is noble in many ways. The first of which is his desire to leave behind the modern materialistic world and isolate himself to find peace. He also has this deep seated desire to fill a void, a missing†¦show more content†¦One hundred and twenty-three dollars in legal tender was promptly reduced to ash and smoke†(pg.29). The act of burning all of his cash in this manner speaks to McCa ndless’ mindset. He truly believes he doesn t need money to make him happy and that he can survive without relying on riches to get him by. Relieving himself of money takes place on a consistent bases in the novel because Chris doesn’t want the attachment to hold him back, or make his journey to easy. Another example of the simplistic life Chris-Alex Supertramp-McCandless is attempting to live can be obtained from the first interaction in the book. When Jim Gallien picks up Alex on the side of the road and drives him to the start of the Alaskan Wilderness, it says â€Å"Alex admitted that the only food in his pack was a ten-pound bag of rice. His gear seemed exceedingly minimal for the harsh conditions of the interior, which in April still lay buried under the winter snowpack...Alex insisted on giving Gallien his watch, his comb, and what he said was all his money†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (pg.5-7). Even with almost nothing on him, Alex/Chris still attempts to rid himself of mater ialistic items like his watch, and again, his money. He wants nothing to hold him back so he can achieve the true reward of his journey, spiritual enlightenment. A big influence on Chris in the book is his fascination with literary artists and philosophers. The main four that inspireShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Into The Wild By John Krakauer1015 Words   |  5 Pagesbreath of the wild for the brave few is enough to free the spirit from the bonds of society. One such freed spirit, author John Krakauer, wrote in his work Into the Wild about the accounts of men quite like himself. John Krakauer, in contrast to the adventurous men he writes about, is a survivor of his own ventures. Throughout his writing, he parallels the nature of a select few zealous adventurers with his own nature as well as the nature of his primary focus, Christopher McCandless. Krakauer draws connectionsRead MoreJohn Krakauer s Into The Wild847 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Krakauer’s novel Into The Wild, tells the story of a young man who intends to disappear from society, and contains numerous relatable themes. Although difficult for many to understand his reasoning in doing so, Krakauer intends to demonstrate to readers the positives and negatives of such an experience. Upon thorough examination of this piece of writing, it is possible to truly gain a vast amount of self-knowledge in relation to the text. A tale full of invitations to face ourselves, John Krakauer’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Into The Wild By John Krakauer1309 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book Into the Wild written by John Krakauer, Chris McCandless plans to abandon his life and live off the land, traveling from South Dakota all the way to Las Vegas and many other remote locations in the U.S. There was something inside of Chris that drew him into the wilderness. In May of 1990, Chris took off, abandoning everything and everyone and set off into the wild, where he had big plans for his next two years. In the summer of 1992, Chris McCandless turned up dead in Alaska. A seriesRead MoreAnalysis Of Into The Wild By John Krakauer769 Words   |  4 Pagessold his apartment, and pac ked his remaining possessions to live on the road, travelling across the United States. The young 24 year old man was found dead in the wilderness of Alaska in September of 1992 after his long journey. Into The Wild, written by John Krakauer, is the story of a man’s journey soley based on pursuing a life of non conformity. There are many who believe that McCandless was crazy for what he did and that it was his ignorance that killed him. Throughout the whole book he shuts manyRead More Into The Wild By John Krakauer Essay example557 Words   |  3 Pages Obligation to Family The book â€Å"Into the Wild† by Jon Krakauer is a story about a man by the name of Chris McCandless. He is a man who grew up in a DC suburb, graduated college and decides to change the ways of his life. He journeys across the country, and finds his way to Alaska. His means are to leave the material lifestyle and become at one with nature. During Chris’s adventure he seems to neglect all communication with his family and over look the fact that they care about his health and futureRead MoreThe Search For Truth in Into the Wild by John Krakauer1983 Words   |  8 PagesMcCandless was born February 12, 1968 in El Segundi, California. Later on, due to Walt McCandless, Christophers father, success as an aerospace engineer [Christopher] was raised in the comfortable upper middle class environs of Annandale, Virginia(Krakauer 14). Similarly to many people today, Walt McCandless made injurious decisions; during the birth of Christopher and his sister, Carine, Walt was still m arried. In turn, this leaves them to be bastard children. Christopher was an intellectual thatRead MoreUse of Literary Techniques in Into The Wild, by John Krakauer1073 Words   |  5 Pagesto a man on an extraordinary path that led to his eventual demise and truthfully telling the somber story of Christopher McCandless. Krakauer enhances the story by using irony to establish Chris’s unique personality. The author also uses Characterization the give details about Chris’s lifestyle and his choices that affect his journey. Another literary element Krakauer uses is theme. The many themes in the story attract a diverse audience. Krakauer’s telling is world famous for being the truest, andRead More Chris McCandless is NOT a Hero in the Book, Into the Wild by John Krakauer507 Words   |  2 PagesMany people have read the story â€Å"Into the Wild† By Jon Krakauer, when mentioning the name Chris McCandless he is either viewed as hero or as a dumb man. The peo ple who view him as a hero tend to believe that he was determined enough to want to do something. Others view him as an idiot who just wanted attention. Him being unprepared and not knowing much about how to survive in the wild made McCandless an idiot, the dumb jerk. Also causing him to be a poor role model to multiple people causing themRead MoreEssay about The Call of the Wild Versus Into the Wild1246 Words   |  5 PagesChris McCandless and Buck serve as examples of the archetype of the wild through their experiences of leaving where they feel most comfortable and answering the call of the wild. They show that each experience is inimitable because the wild is unique to every individual. For Buck, the wild is a place outside of civilization and his dependence on man, where the external threats of nature exist and he must prove himself as a true animal with instincts for survival. In McCandless case, the placeRead MoreAnalysis Of Jon Krakauer s Into The Wild1555 Words   |  7 PagesERWC Cagley December 9, 2014 Life on the Road? In Jon Krakauer’s Into the Wild, A young man named Chris McCandless decides to escape the annoyance of his current life and live on the road, he pursues an incredible journey of adventure, danger and companionship. McCandless is a narcissist and believes that he can overcome any challenges that he faces because he is independent and is smarter than the average person. Krakauer emphasizes that arrogance will lead to failure in life; Just like McCandless

Project Risk Management Free Essays

Project risk management is aimed a avoiding bad surprises once we start executing the project plan. During the creation of the project plan, we identify risk, analyses them and plan our action to avoid the risk, transfer it or implement a contingency plan if the risk occurs. After we have planned our risk management process for the project, we begin by identifying the risks that the project faces. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Risk Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s important to remember that these risks can be adverse to the project in the sense of causing it to finish late or cost more. Risk can also be positive or favorable in that is may let us deliver what’s expected for less cost and finish early. We do the risk identification process with the project manager, project sponsor, stakeholders and team members. Risk quantification is the process of evaluating the risks that have been identified and developing the data that will be needed for making decisions The objective of quantification is to establish a way of arranging the risks in the order of importance. In most projects there will not be enough time or money to take action against every risk that is identified. Risk response development involves defining enhancement steps for opportunities and responses to threats. These generally fall into three categories †¢ Avoidance – eliminating a specific threat, usually by eliminating the cause †¢ Mitigation – reducing the expected monetary value of a risk event by reducing the probability of occurrence, reduce the risk event value, or both. †¢ Acceptance – accepting the consequences. Risk response control is the process by which risks are kept in the forefront of management discussions and thus, reviewed on a cyclic basis. Items that the risk register will hold in order to monitor and drive this process will include: †¢ Outstanding action; †¢ Action owner; †¢ Action issue date; †¢ Action status; †¢ Action response; and †¢ Action close-out date. The Risk Control Group will monitor the progress of the implementation of the agreed risk control measures. This will ensure that all risk control measures are incorporated efficiently and that any variations in the measure or any changes to the risk profile are identified and appropriate action is taken. The Risk Register will be a dynamic, growing document and will be updated, amended and revised on a regular basis. How to cite Project Risk Management, Essay examples

Microbiology Essay Example For Students

Microbiology Essay man came into the emergencyward at one oclock. His thumb came in an hour later. The surgeons job: get them back together. The successful re-attaching offingers to hand requires long hours of painstaking work in microsurgery. In the operating room , the surgeon doesnt stand, butsits in a chair that supports her body. Her arm is cradled by a pillow. Scalpels are present as are other standard surgical tools,but the suture threads are almost invisible, the needle thinner than a human hair. And all the surgical activity revolves around themost important instument, the microscope. The surgeon will spend the next few hours looking through the microscope at brokenblood vessels and nerves and sewing them back together again. The needles are so thin that they have to be held withneedlenosed jewellers forceps and will sew together nerves that are as wide as the thickness of a penny. To make such a stitch,the surgeons hands will move no more than the width of the folded side of a piece of paper seen end on! Imagine trying to sewtwo pieces of spaghetti together and youll have some idea of what microsurgery involves. Twenty-five years ago, this mansthumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeons began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almostinvisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a halfcentury earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique,still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniouslyturning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightlyapart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way formicrosurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three mil limetres thick. The needle usedfor this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on gettingbody parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or afinger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. Twenty-five years ago, this mans thumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeons began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almost invisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a half century earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique, still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniously turning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightly apart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way for microsurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three millimetres thick. The needle used for this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on getting body parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or a finger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. But the wounded and severed body part must be treated carefully. If a small part of the body, such as a finger is cut off, instead of torn, wrapped in a clean covering, put on ice and then reattached within a few hours, the chance of success is over ninety percent, as long as one good artery and one good vein can be reattached. Not only is micro surgery allowing body parts to be reattached, its also allowing them to be reshuffled. Before 1969, nothing could be done for you if youd had your thumb smashed beyond repair. But in the past 14 years, you would have been in luck, if your feet were intact. Every year in North America, hundreds of big toes are removed from feet and grafted onto hands. Sometimes tendons are shifted from less important neighbouring fingers to allow the thumb to work better in its unique role of opposing the other fingers and allowing us to grip. While we in North America can live without our big toes and never really miss them, people in Japan cant. They need their big toes to keep the common footwear, the clog, on their feet. So their second toe is taken instead. Farmers, labourers car accident victims and home handymen are the people most often helped by microsurgery replants. And because blood vessels are being reattached, burn victims can now benefit. Flaps of their healthy skin are laboriously reattached more successfully, blood vessel by blood vessel, to increase chances that the graft will take. Some women, whose diseased Fallopian tubes have become blocked, can have them reopened microsurgically. Origins and Bibliography of the Big Bang Theory Essay When a cancerous esophagus must be removed, it can be replaced using a section of the persons own bowel. These people can then lead a more normal life, using their mouth to eat with instead of inserting food though a feeding tube in their stomach. Doctors have .

Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity

In part, the idea of Japanese identity was shaped by two important forces, namely language and political theory or ideology. In particular, these factors influenced many philosophers, political scientists, and linguists who attempted to single out the main distinctions of Japanese people and their society.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper is aimed showing how language and political theory were used for the construction of Japanese identity. While discussing the role of the Japanese language, many intellectuals emphasize its distinguishing features, rather than similarities to other languages. It should be noted that Japan adopted and modified the Chinese writing system. Moreover, before the eighth century, Chinese was the language spoken by educated people (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1010). Later J apanese intellectuals attempted to minimize the impact of Chinese culture. This is why scholars tried to discover the Japanese language which existed before contacts with China and its cultural tradition (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1011). To some extent, this quest for the old language highlighted the idea that Japan was distinct from China or any other country. Certainly, this assumption might not be shared by every person living in the country, but it definitely influenced the rhetoric of intellectuals and scholars. Additionally, the expression of emotions in this language was also discussed by people who thought about Japanese identity. For example, one can mention the use of te-ni-o-ha or postpositive particles. They do not only perform grammatical functions, but also help the speaker express his or her emotions, attitudes, and feelings about ideas, actions or people (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1015). This linguistic phenomenon gave rise to the belief that Japanese people te nd to focus more on emotional aspects of communication, rather than logic and cognition. Judging from the peculiarities of the language, many people even assumed that Japanese people lacked the ability to think in an abstract way.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Certainly, it is possible to challenge this assumption because abstract thinking does not necessarily rely on verbal means of communication. Nevertheless, this argument was put forward by both philosophers and scientists (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1015). These are some of the ways in which language influenced the idea of Japanese identity, especially the way in which discussed by prominent Japanese thinkers. Another force which shaped the debates about Japanese identity was political life of the country, its form of government and the dominant ideology. These debates about political aspects of Japanese society began t o emerge in the late nineteenth century, when the influence of Western-European countries became stronger (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1086). The Japanese intellectuals and scientists viewed technological progress and new modes of production very favorably, but one cannot say the same thing about political changes. For instance, Kita Ikki argued against the democratization of the society and said that it was in no way superior to other forms of government (Ikki as cited in Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo, 1022). Moreover, emperor was viewed as the key figure in the political life of a country. Thus, this attachment to monarchy was viewed as a form of loyalty to the past. It is often seen as a part of Japanese identity. This conflicting attitude toward the modernity gave rise to two several beliefs about Japanese people. In particular, according to widespread belief they had to possess such virtues as piety, loyalty, and respect for tradition. However, political scientists and philosop hers also stressed the idea that Japanese people were able to adopt, modify or perfect scientific achievements of the Western world. Thus, Japan and its people had to be loyal to their heritage, but at the same time open to new ideas. Only by reconciling these two needs, the country could retain its autonomy and political power in the word. Such concept as Kokutai was also important for the formation of Japanese identity. It implied that an individual and a nation had a certain historical mission (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1025). Hence, the task of an individual was to contribute to the achievement of this goal.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although, the mission was never formulated accurately, but the concept implied that a person had to be loyal to the group. Again, this argument was applied to reinfo rce the belief that Japanese people were superior to other Asian nations. Certainly, this political or cultural chauvinism is not included in the concept of Japanese identity. However, the notion of group loyalty does remain important for people who study or discuss Japanese identity. Thus, one can argue that language and political theory gave rise to certain assumptions about Japan and its people. For instance, one can speak about the attention to emotions, rather cognitive aspects of speech. Moreover, one can mention such values as respect for tradition, openness toward new ideas, and group loyalty. Although, these views are not always based on some empirical observations or statistical data, they are popular among scholars, philosophers and political scientists who examined the identity of Japanese people. In each case, the distinctions of Japan are emphasized, while less attention is paid to its similarities with other nations. Works Cited Heisig, James, T. Kasulis, J. Maraldo. Japanese Philosophy: A Sourcebook, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2011. Print. This term paper on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity was written and submitted by user Ricardo E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Competitive Strategies Apple and Microsoft

Competitive Strategies Apple and Microsoft Introduction Apple Inc. was initially referred to as Apple Computer, Inc. It is a global corporation from America and engages in personal computers, computer software, and consumer electronics.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Competitive Strategies: Apple and Microsoft specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Steve Jobs established the company in 1976. According to the Fortune Magazine, Apple was United States’ most admirable company in 2008. Beginning from 2008 to 2012, Apple was the world’s most admirable company. Microsoft deals with the sale of personal computers and software. Differences between Corporate Culture in Apple and Microsoft The key difference in the corporate culture practised at Microsoft and Apple is secrecy. Apple’s fans rely on the company’s rumour sites for speculations regarding the launch of novel products. Apple hardly displays its products before they are ready f or shipping. On the contrary, Microsoft provides sneak product previews long before the products are launched. This is partially as a result of the corporate culture at Microsoft. In addition, the company has a wide array of enterprise customers and vendors who require arranging software appraisal ideas. Apple invests in an exceptionally hardnosed corporate culture. This is a mystery that all global business executives desire to comprehend (O’Regan, 2012). The culture is founded on the concept that employees with a self- drive deliver more as opposed to cases where there are managers at every department. The organizational structure at the company was almost unpopular and purposed at allowing people working in the fields to make decisions. Apple is admired for its delightful but intricate technologies. However, it is worth noting that the company’s environment is termed as unforgiving and brutal. In regard to this, there is a strict adherence to accountability, swift d ecisions, and perfect articulation of communication. Every meeting is guided by an action list and every employee knows their supervisor. The weekly meetings aim at promoting a responsible culture.Advertising Looking for research paper on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The MSDN (Microsoft Developer Network) offers technical references that can be used by developers. In addition, articles from the company’s magazines are also available. Individuals and companies are offered subscriptions by the MSDN. Expensive subscriptions allow access to beta software versions (Lee Yu, 2004). In 2004, the company initiated a community site, which was meant for users and developers. The site was referred to as Channel9 and it offered an internet debate and wiki. The On10.net site offers daily video casts in addition to other services. Helpful individuals can be selected by the company’s employees or peers for the MVP (Microsoft Most Valuable Professional) status. People in this group possess a unique social status and can receive awards and benefits. At Microsoft, the phrase â€Å"eating our own dog food† refers to the policy of utilising beta versions and preleases when testing products in real circumstances. The company’s hiring process is exceptionally unique and imitated by other companies, which dub it as the â€Å"Microsoft interview.† The company is marked as notorious for denying the H1B visas that permitted US companies to recruit particular foreign workers (Jones, 2010). Microsoft argues that employing foreign workers at lower salaries will result to unemployment among the US citizens. Ways in which each unique culture ensures positive competition In the case of Apple, a culturally responsible workplace ensures that employees enjoy their roles. In addition, every employee knows who should address their issues. As such, employees possess an excepti onally high level of self- drive. Consequently, this increases every employee’s output. This is a factor that promotes positive competition. Employees at Apple value their company, offer diverse ideas on novel technologies and developments, and advise on how to curb competition. This ensures that the company produces unique products and uses unique marketing strategies, which enlarges the company’s market share (Flamholtz, 1995). On the other hand, Microsoft hugely invests in the opinions and ideas from funs, customers, and employees. As stated earlier, the company has several newsgroups and online debate sites where various individuals can offer their opinions. Through this, the company gains innovative ideas and a wide knowledge base. Consequently, the company uses this feedback to better their products.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Competitive Strategies: Apple and Microsoft specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How each company would thrive if the present corporate culture was changed At Apple, the employees are guided by the CEO’s authority. In this regard, it is worth noting that the two companies use different leadership styles. For instance, at Apple, the Head of Design can speak on behalf of the CEO. Design is an extremely vital priority at the company. On the contrary, Microsoft relies on negotiation. It is all about supporting individuals and companies who support their features. In my view, irrespective of the excellent negotiation skills at Microsoft, there is need for a style of leadership where the leader has the overall say. This ensures some form of control (Want, 2006). It is worth pointing out that Microsoft possesses exceptionally brilliant individuals and is extremely successful. Apple Company should retain their simplicity, specialization, and the culture of concentrating on a few accomplishments at a time. Apple should engage in restructuring strategies so as to be able to control its finances and operations, which will ensure its competitiveness. References Flamholtz, E. (1995). Managing organizational transitions: implications for corporate and human resource management. European Management Journal, 13(1), 39-51. Jones, G. R. (2010). Organizational theory, design, and change. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Lee, S. K. J., Yu, K. (2004). Corporate culture and organizational performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(4), 340-359. O’Regan, G. (2012). Technology Companies. London: Springer.Advertising Looking for research paper on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Want, J. (2006). Corporate culture: Illuminating the black hole. New York: St. Martins Press.

About information technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About information technology - Research Paper Example The major processes that take place in information technology include, Data to be used in any project is collected from the field and entered into the computer using several data input devices like the keyboard and the scanner. The data is then stored in the computer system for later use. Storing data in the field of information technology is done with internal computer hard disks and other external storage devices. These devices store data that is important to the users of the systems involved (Doyle, 2000). A database refers to a group of related data collected and stored together in a computer system to be used in the near future. Most database systems contain a number of different components that allow the stored data to be easily accessible by multiple users while at the same time maintaining the integrity of the data (Hannabuss, 2009). Data retrieval refers to the process of obtaining the processed data from the computer by various users. An example of data that is retrieved from the computer is of different nature and can be derived from different sources within the computer storage systems or from external sources (Ray, 2004). The external sources in which data can be retrieved include the Internet and the retrieved data is usually used to facilitate some decision support systems. Data transmission refers to the transfer of data from one computer to the other. Transmission takes three aspects that are, propagation, transmission and reception. The transmitted data is used by the computer users to complete some specific projects and in the decision-making process (Ray, 2004). Transmission can also be done through the Internet. There is a lot of data storage in the world today and the amount of data available for use is increasing each day. An equal number of data users accompany the increase in the amount of data

Islamic Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islamic Banking - Essay Example Islamic Banking is a type of banking that is constantly based on the Islamic or Shariah law and its implementation is through the growth of Islamic economics. This type of banking system prohibits the fixed payment interest on loaned money and it also shuns the investment in the business that cater goods and services that are considered unlawful in Islam. Today more than 200 Islamic financial institutions exist around the world (Iqbal and Llewellyn, 2002). Ahmad El Najjar pioneered the first Islamic bank that came into existence in Egypt, in 1963. Thus, when 1976 ended, there were nine banks in the country that were established on the same concept; however, previously in 1974 the Organization of Islamic Countries had established a bank called Islamic Development Bank that purely ran on the principles of Islam. Although the bank was not a commercial one, it did provide funds for the businesses in order to encourage economic growth. After recognizing the Islamic banking system, several banks came into existence, such as Dubai Islamic Bank, Faisal Islamic Bank of Sudan, and the Bahrain Islamic Bank (Shariah-Fortune, 2012). Despite the growing trend in the Islamic banking system, unfortunately the inception of Islamic Banking in Pakistan did not survive. ... The banks previously were more focused on interest free banking; however in 1985, the Organization of Islamic Conference affirmed takaful, or Islamic insurance, as Shariah compliant. Thus, this gave the Islamic banking sector a wider tangent that now covered capital markets, capital formation, and varied financial instruments and intermediaries (Shariah-Fortune, 2012). The development and growth of Islamic Banking has always been experimental. The pioneers of the Islamic Banking have faltered, failed, and learnt through mistakes over time. However, the system has been prolific to the economies. Several empirical studies entail that the performance and efficiency of Islamic banking are significantly good. One of the studies conducted by Iqbal in 2001 drew a sample from countries that had Islamic and conventional banking; he took 12 Islamic banks and 12 conventional banks from 10 countries in order to find out the productivity of the banks using a comparative framework. His study concl uded that the Islamic banking displayed higher rates of growth in key variables in comparison to the conventional banking system. It also highlighted that the Islamic banks apparently performed well and generally they yielded good profits and well capitalized; another factor that surfaced was that Islamic banks used resources more effectively, which were available to them. Moreover, when the conventional banks were studied alongside Islamic banks as a group, it turned out that they outperformed the conventional system in all areas. However, there were certain variations among the Islamic banks that surfaced during the studies in terms of growth and performance (Iqbal, 2011). Nevertheless, Samad in 1999 compared

Professionalism in the Medical Field Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professionalism in the Medical Field - Essay Example Medicine is a critical and very important profession as it deals with the lives of people. One mistake and it could end up in the loss of a precious life. Apart from that patient compliance is also very important. People concerned with the medical field must be appropriately dressed and must project a professional image so that the patient is confident that he/she is in capable hands. Some general elements of dress codes include dressing in neat, clean, crisp and pressed suits. Suits should be appropriately fitted and shouldn't be too short (in case of females wearing skirts). Casual wear such as denim/jeans, shorts, cutoffs, caprice etc and not permitted. The dress should not be exposing such as having plunging necklines, backless, strapless, spaghetti straps, sheer etc. Jewelry should be avoided or should be minimal and not too large or heavy. Underwear should not be visible. Full length or knee length stockings or socks must be worn. Shoes should be of appropriate size, fitting, c lean and in good repair. Casual wear such as flip flops, bedroom wear is unacceptable. Carrying a cellular phone for the sake of having personal calls is prohibited. Chewing gum is front of patients is not allowed. Nails should be trimmed and short for hygiene purposes. No artificial nail extensions are allowed. Nail polish if worn should not be chipped. Body odor or very strong perfume is unfavorable. All personal is expected to maintain good body hygiene. Scrubs, uniforms or lab coats should be worn wherever required. Hats or caps are not acceptable unless for religious reasons. (UCSF, 2002) Ethics, as in the case of all professions, maintains a high stand point in medical healthcare as well. Perhaps the most important aspect is that of patient privacy. Patient approval before releasing the medical records is essential by law. However in some cases the rule might be relaxed for providing healthcare services. (Ducca, 2008) Interaction with the patient and other colleagues plus a person's behavior are and integral part of maintaining a professional atmosphere. Due to the critical and demanding nature of the medical profession, it is essential for the individual to have appropriate time management as well as multi tasking skills. He/she must show discretion with sensitive content, maintain a team environment and comply with laws, rules and regulations. The attitude must be friendly and interest conflict must be handled carefully or completely eliminated if possible. A professional must be aware and accept full responsibility for his/her actions. They should also keep in mind that they are accountable for every action and should be reliable, available, handle problems until resolved and finish what they have started. (Toms, 2008) It is imperative to have the appropriate body language while interacting with others. When communicating the use of your body is as important as the right use of words. Example while delivering good news to the patient, if the doctor is stiff and unsmiling the patient might get aggravated and think the doctor is lying while good news delivered with a smile and relaxed body is the appropriate way. Similarly while interacting

Prejudice and Discrimination of Homosexuals

Prejudice and Discrimination of Homosexuals In different countries of various beliefs and culture, people with homosexual behavior are often being subjected to prejudice and discrimination. In comparison with minority groups, who are one of the common topics of prejudice, this group of homosexual people are also subjected to stereotyping. Social scientists have typically defined prejudice as a negative intergroup attitude. [1] Sexuality orientation can be classified further into three main topics: Homosexuality, Bisexuality, and Heterosexuality. Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior/actions or seductive attraction among people of the same sex. The word gay is commonly being referred to a male homosexual, whereas lesbian is designated for female homosexuals. Right here in Singapore, majority of the public still have that prototypical mindset and misconstrue behavior which often leads to discrimination against this group of people. This is extremely unhealthy because homosexuality has been declassified as a mental disorder by the American Psychiatric Association in the 1970s, and people in this day and age are still seeking to turn gay people straight, often resulting in negative effects on the subject.'[2] Simple stereotyping can be thought as all gay are feminine and all lesbians contain machismo hormones within them. Some even have misconceptions and labeled the gay as the main culprit for transmission of sexually transmitted disease or AIDS, considering them having a higher chance of contracting these diseases. In this modernized and civil society, it will be of much appreciation if homosexuality is much understood better by the public. If this discrimination continues to cycle around, it will cause a deleterious effect on the homosexual person. This may eventually lead to escalation of suicidal cases or further deterioration on the mental health. This is a topic that we should pay attention to. Homosexual discrimination can be found in anywhere or in any working sector. A homosexual man who has a kind soul within, have no exceptions either, he may have to bear the brunt of discrimination from a high profile sector. Gays are banned from donating their contaminated or filthy, some mi ght criticized on that, blood out; a legislation set by the Food and Drug Administration. [3] As mentioned, discrimination can be found in anywhere even in a small country like Singapore. A distinct proof which leads to discrimination being amplified in the country is where colonial legislation, Sections 377 and 377A of the Penal Code [4] are still brought into play. This shows that Singaporeans are too conservative to accept the fact of homosexual behavior coming into their existence. Discrimination against gay is being applied in various level of sector in the society. Achieved from a report, a highly educated personnel displaying out her ferocious attitude during a debate in Parliament in 2007 was shown that she compared anal sex as shoving a straw up your nose to drink.[5][6] The debater herself was a professor of law; specializing in international human rights law would present out such an outrageous quote on gay rights. Putting aside public discrimination, the power of media plays a strong part in this role. In a newspaper article, exaggerated from the fact by the journ alist, the gays were believed to be involved in promiscuous sex or are drug addict which is solely stereotyping thinking from the journalist.[5][6] The examples mentioned above are showing how typical people possess adverse thinking against homosexuality. Prejudice and discrimination against homosexuality will bring a vicious cycle effect to the society as it can be commonly identified as a talking topic for adults, or it may be a mistaught lesson for a child. Basically, chances of stereotypically thinking and discriminating against homosexual persons can happen in everyday conversations between people. Living in this society, people only know how to discriminate homosexuality as they tend to follow the majority. This is similar to, giving a primary school student a complicated algebraic question where he/she only knows how to apply simple standard mathematics formulations. This society needs to be better educated about homosexuality just like the student needs to be taught on how to work out that algebraic question. By educating people about homosexuality does not mean that they will stop discriminating gays. However, providing positive and correct information about homosexuality to teenagers who are stepping into this society and un derstanding of their sexuality is important. They will feel less fearful in the future. An example can be taken, the author of an article has a niece who came home and shouted, Gays are disgusting! He knew that the niece learnt that hatred from a classmate, who in turn had this hatred digested from the parents. This shows that people allow this hatred to become an ongoing cycle, which in time it turns out to be a fear for some people but under the influential of people around them they have no choice but to accept it resentfully. Here is another down to earth reason why is it important to stop all there discriminations. Lets ask ourselves this question, Who are all these gays and lesbians? These people are our very own Singaporeans. Living in a country, which does not give you the rights that belongs to you, is equivalent to pushing the gays and lesbians with no choice but to move out from this country to another, which will truly welcome them despite of their differences. A country without any natural resources cannot afford to drive out her gay sons and daughters. People always have the wrong comprehensive thinking that spreading of HIV and AIDS are associated with gays. They will think that as long as they perform safe sexual intercourse or preventing themselves to have sex with men will free them from contracting HIV or AIDS. They have shown an erroneous thinking which makes them believe that as long as they are not gay, they will be safe from diseases. A statistics result [7] shows that the number of people infected with the diseases through homosexual means is lesser than those of heterosexual means. When it comes to a serious stage, it will be death. Therefore, this myth has to be busted. People who are being discriminated might not have the courage to face it and the solution they will go for will be death. Sexuality based discrimination caused death in teens, a report shows. [8] In response to such incidents, Ellen DeGeneres speaks out, urging that we stop discriminating against gays, because one death is tragic, four is a crisis [8] Be it homosexual or heterosexual, we still come together and live as one and everyone deserves the right to be treated equally. The homosexual citizens will not be pleased if they found out that they are not treated to the same benefits that heterosexual citizens are being treated as. We should not hesitate to open up our views on them or in another way we must learn to accept what they are. Penal code337a criminalizes those who have sexual act between two males [2] [4]. This is one of the main reasons why Singaporeans are still badly discriminating the homosexuals. In many other countries, homosexual were slowly being received and laws were executed to protect them similar to the laws which heterosexual have. Protecting homosexuals against violence and discrimination is important. As they are the minority group which makes them an easy target. As we know, all the male Singaporean has to go through National service. Even homosexuals have no exception to this. The worst case will be, they do a self declare that they are gay and they will go through a thorough psychiatric assessment which then they will be by default downgraded to Public Employment Status C (PES C) in regardless of their fitness[9] . Once a soldier declared that hes gay, his armys world will be totally different from others. From this example, we call recall on that; inequality being faced by them in this society was a result from prejudice and discrimination on homosexuals. In order to have a prominent result, one should draw back their attention to the society. We all know that the root cause of this problem came from the society who discriminates, as and when; like or dislike, as they want. Thus, a solution which deals directly to the root cause will be an ideal one to recede the problem. In this society, filled with excitement, it is still required to be better educating these people about homosexuality. As research has found out that there are two groups of people with the different attitude s on how they think gay are. The group with a positive attitude toward gay usually has a few friends around them who falls under this, being gay, category. In contrast, with those with negative attitudes believe that they do not have any gay friends around them, in actual fact they do. Their discrimination towards gays goes back to the being stereotypical and prejudice. [10] We can conclude this by looking at simple theory. In order for a majority group to keep up its performance, it seeks cooperation from the minority group. To put in simpler words, a minority group like homosexuals can be influential to the majority group. Therefore, there is a need to bring prejudice and discrimination on homosexuals to a halt. Education on understanding ones sexuality needs to be taught to young adults and teenagers. Negative remarks about the homosexual society should be reduced via this education. Even parents need to be taught that being homosexual is not a crime nor is it wrong, and that it is a part of life.

Autobiographical Writing on my 5th Birthday :: Papers

Autobiographical Writing My 5th birthday My 5th birthday is 1 of my earliest memories and is the first birthday I can remember I don't know why it has stuck in my memory so much but I can remember it like it was yesterday. It started very early in the morning around 5 am which is ridiculously early to be getting up and you wouldn't catch me getting up that early these days, but at the time I was used to it because my mum worked at night and my dad started work about 6 so I used to have to go round my next door neighbors house till my mum got home at about 8, the lady next door was called Maureen she was about 50 and she was quite tiny and had short gray hair. I remember her to be very kind, she had a colossal collection of video's that she let me watch every morning and she would always offer drinks, biscuits, cakes and anything you could think of really, her kitchen was the Aladdin's cave of cuisine and provisions. On the morning of my birthday my dad came in my room picked me up to carry me across to next door. I was still asleep not really knowing what was going on around me until the fearsome freeze of the early morning hit me round the head, winded me, then chopped off my fingers and toe's. My dad rushed to get me to Maureen's house as quick as he could when I got in there me and my dad sat down and had a goblet of rosy lea (tea) with Maureen before he had to dash off to work, then she whipped out a bowl of piping hot ready break which is like a kids version of porridge with a ton of sugar and a blab of milk it was lovely, I munched it down like a frog would a fly, I was still pretty drowsy so I had a snooze on the couch. When I awoke a gigantic box wrapped in lime green packaging was stood in the center of the room, I